Condoms & Safer Sex
When used correctly and consistently, condoms are highly effective at preventing HIV and other STIs.
When used correctly and consistently, condoms are highly effective at preventing HIV and other STIs.
When used consistently and correctly, male (external) condoms are highly effective in preventing HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). CDC research shows that consistent condom use reduces the risk of HIV transmission by approximately 85% or more. The remaining risk is largely due to incorrect or inconsistent use.
Female (internal) condoms are also effective at preventing HIV and STIs. They provide an option for people who want to take control of their own protection. Studies show that female condoms are about 79–95% effective when used correctly and consistently.
| Type | Material | HIV Protection | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Male (External) | Latex | Yes — highly effective | Most widely available; use water-based lube |
| Male (External) | Polyurethane | Yes | For latex allergies; thinner feel |
| Male (External) | Polyisoprene | Yes | Latex-free; feels more like latex |
| Male (External) | Natural membrane (lambskin) | No — pores allow HIV through | Prevents pregnancy only; not for STI prevention |
| Female (Internal) | Nitrile | Yes | Can be inserted up to 8 hours before sex |
Using condoms together with other HIV prevention strategies provides the highest level of protection. Consider combining condoms with:
For more information, visit CDC's Condom page or HIV.gov's guide on condoms and HIV.